First Draft
Name: Ryan Greenhalgh
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RESEARCHED DEFINITION (provide
short internet researched definition and URL link)
|
DESCRIBE THE RELEVANCE OF THE
RESEARCHED TERM TO YOUR OWN PRODUCTION PRACTICE?
|
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SOUND DESIGN METHODOLOGY
|
Foley Artistry
|
‘A Foley Artist
is a person who creates (or re-creates) sounds for movies’
|
I did the same thing but I created
sound effects for my game ‘Alone with stone’ I used Reaper media.
|
Sound Libraries
|
a collection of
sounds stored on file (for example on CDs, DVDs, or as digital audio files)
|
I used a sound library to store SFX
to use to modify the sound to create new sounds and FX to add to my game.
|
|
SOUND FILE FORMATS
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Uncompressed
|
‘Uncompressed video is digital video that either has
never been compressed or was generated by decompressing
previously compressed digital video.’
|
I didn’t use this in my game or any
of my own production practice.
|
.wav
|
The format for
storing sound in files developed
jointly by Microsoft and IBM.
Support for WAV files was built into Windows 95 making
it the de facto
standard for
sound on PCs.
WAV sound files end with a.wav extension and
can be played by nearly all Windows applications that support sound.
|
I had to use sound files that was
exported into .wav so that I was able to post them to sound cloud
|
|
.aiff
|
Short
for Audio Interchange File Format, a
common format for storing and transmitting sampled sound
|
This is what I did when I saved my
sound files to post to sound cloud and this was so I was able to post them to
blogger.
|
|
.au
|
AU is a file extension for a sound file format belonging to Sun, NeXT and DEC
and used in UNIX.
|
An extra bit of space if your sound
file is longer and needs more space to be opened or downloaded.
|
|
.smp
|
SMP (symmetric multiprocessing) is the
processing of programs by multiple processors that share a common operating system and memory.
|
This is when you need to transfer
data it makes it easier.
|
|
Lossy Compression
|
Lossless and lossy compression are terms that
describe whether or not, in the compression of a file, all original data can be
recovered when the file is uncompressed
|
This so it is easier to transfer and
save space for other files that need to be downloaded on the same day.
|
|
.mp3
|
MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3) is a standard
technology and format for compressing a sound sequence into a very small file (about
one-twelfth the size of the original file) while preserving the original
level of sound quality when it is played.
|
This is the same as above but this
is just the softaware/data name for this process of downloading and saving
sound files.
|
|
AUDIO LIMITATIONS
|
Sound Processor Unit (SPU)
|
A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal computer expansion card that facilitates
economical input and output of audio signals to and from a
computer under control of computer programs.
|
This is for when you want to save
your sound file it will go through here to process and data your file for
back up
and so it is made into better
quality.
|
Digital Sound Processor (DSP)
|
A Digital Signal
Processor, or DSP, is a specialized microprocessor that has an architecture
which is optimized for the fast operational needs of digital signal
processing.
|
This is just for if you want to
modify your sound file in case you don’t think it has enough bass and you
want to lower these effects.
|
|
Random Access Memory (RAM)
|
RAM (pronounced ramm) is an acronym for random access
memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any
byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes.
|
This is what is inside of the
computer and is used for back up memory.
|
|
Mono Audio
|
Mono audio is an Accessibility feature that makes
sure, even if you're hard of hearing or deaf in one ear, you never miss a
word, note, or sound when listening to your iPhone or iPad with a headset on
|
This used to specifically aim the
sound to one ear or if it needs to be balanced out.
|
|
Stereo Audio
|
True
stereophonic sound systems have two independent audio signal channels, and
the signals that are reproduced have a specific level and phase relationship
to each other so that when played back through a suitable reproduction
system, there will be an apparent image of the original sound source. Stereo
would be a requirement if there is a need to replicate the aural perspective
and localization of instruments on a stage or platform, a very common
requirement in performing arts centres.
|
This is a audio system that can be
anywhere in cars or at home ect. This like a speaker system that is able to
pick up radio signals.
|
|
Surround Sound
|
Surround sound
is a term used to describe a type of audio output in which the sound appears
to "surround the listener" by 360 degrees. Surround sound systems
use three or more channels and speakers in front and behind the listener to
create a surrounding envelope of sound and directional audio sources.
|
Surround sound is when a speaker system is set up to fill
up a room the sound will sound the same at 360 degrees all the round.
|
|
Direct Audio (Pulse Code Modulation – PCM)
|
Pulse code modulation (PCM) is a digital
representation of an analog signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the
analog signal at regular intervals
|
Is when it is aimed for just one ear
this is used for hearing aids.
|
|
AUDIO RECORDING SYSTEMS
|
Analogue
|
A person or thing seen as comparable to another
|
Is used to show how fast a beat or
rythem of sound is going which is called tempo but this is a way to show it.
|
Digital Mini Disc
|
He MiniDisc (MD) is a magneto-optical disc-based data storage device for 74 minutes
and, later, 80 minutes, of digitized audio or 1 gigabyte of Hi-MD data.
|
This is a storage device that can
hold more data if needed and so it can be saved in a later date.
|
|
Compact Disc (CD)
|
A Compact Disc (CD) is a type of optical disc.
|
This is used to store films audio or
music onto to be able to be played through a disk reader.
|
|
Digital Audio Tape (DAT)
|
DAT
(Digital Audio Tape) is a standard medium and technology for the digital recording of audio on tape at a professional level of quality.
|
This is a tape that is able to
record sounds and is able to transfer sounds from one person to another
without a download.
|
|
MIDI
|
MIDI short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a protocol, digital interface and connectors and allows a wide
variety of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related
devices to connect and communicate with one another.
|
This is a type of plugin that I used
for my media part of my introductory project this when I used the software Reaper.
|
|
Software Sequencers
|
A music sequencer (or simply sequencer) is a device or application software that can record,
edit, or play back music,
by handling note and performance
information in several forms, typically CV/Gate, MIDI,
or Open Sound Control (OSC), and
possibly audio and automation data for DAWs and plug-ins.
|
This is Reaper which is what I used
to edit and play the sounds I had created or used for my video game.
|
|
Software Plug-ins
|
In computing, a plug-in (or plugin, add-in, addin, add-on, addon, or extension) is a software component that adds a
specific feature to an existing computer program.
|
This is what was used in reaper to
modify the sounds I used or created.
|
|
MIDI Keyboard Instruments
|
A MIDI keyboard is typically a piano-style
user interface keyboard device used for sending MIDI signals or commands
over a USB or MIDI cable to other devices connected and operating on the same
MIDI protocol interface.
|
This is the musical instrument I used
in reaper to help make my sounds to give it a more retro feel for the game.
|
|
AUDIO SAMPLING
|
File Size Constraints - Bit-depth
|
In digital audio,
bit depth describes the potential accuracy of a particular piece of hardware
or software that processes audio data.
|
This is used so it defines the
quality of sound that is being processed.
|
File Size Constraints - Sample Rate
|
Sample rate is the number of samples of audio
carried per second, measured in Hz or kHz (one kHz being 1 000 Hz).
|
These are used to determine the frequency
of of a sound which we used in pitch and play back.
|
Improved Version
|
Name: Ryan Greenhalgh
|
|
RESEARCHED DEFINITION (provide
short internet researched definition and URL link)
|
DESCRIBE THE RELEVANCE OF THE
RESEARCHED TERM TO YOUR OWN PRODUCTION PRACTICE?
|
|
SOUND DESIGN METHODOLOGY
|
Foley Artistry
|
‘A Foley Artist
is a person who creates (or re-creates) sounds for movies’
|
I did the same thing but I created
sound effects for my game ‘Alone with stone’ I used Reaper media.
Reaper media is the software used
by me and the class to create sound effects and sounds for our game
|
|
Sound Libraries
|
a collection of
sounds stored on file (for example on CDs, DVDs, or as digital audio files)
A sample library is a collection of digital sound recordings, known assamples,
for use by composers, arrangers, performers, and producers of music.
|
I used a sound library to store SFX
to use to modify the sound to create new sounds and FX to add to my game.
Sound librarys is what I
used to help me make all my sounds for my game I used them as a base
|
|
|
SOUND FILE FORMATS
|
Uncompressed
|
‘Uncompressed video is digital video that either has
never been compressed or was generated by decompressing
previously compressed digital video.’
restore to its uncompressed form;
"decompress data"
|
I didn’t use this in my game or any
of my own production practice.
I
compressed the sounds so I can upload it quicker
|
|
.wav
|
The format for
storing sound in files developed
jointly by Microsoft and IBM.
Support for WAV files was built into Windows 95 making
it the de facto
standard for
sound on PCs.
WAV sound files end with a.wav extension and
can be played by nearly all Windows applications that support sound.
Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE, or more commonly known as WAV due to its filename extension) (rarely,Audio for Windows) is
aMicrosoft and IBM audio file format standard for storing an audio
bitstream on PCs.
|
I had to use sound files that was
exported into .wav so that I was able to post them to sound cloud
.wav
is the format used for our sounds so they can be stored and downloaded
|
|
|
.aiff
|
Short
for Audio Interchange File Format, a
common format for storing and transmitting sampled sound
Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) is
an audio file format standard used for storing sound data for personal computers and other electronic audio devices. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format
|
This is what I did when I saved my
sound files to post to sound cloud and this was so I was able to post them to
blogger.
I do not have further
information on this but when uploading to blogger or sound cloud I need to be
careful of dead sound
|
|
|
.au
|
AU is a file extension for a sound file format belonging to Sun, NeXT and DEC
and used in UNIX.
Within the .au domain, there are several
different second level domains (2LDs).
|
An extra bit of space if your sound
file is longer and needs more space to be opened or downloaded.
This is another sound file
format but I have not used this format yet to download or upload sound
|
|
|
.smp
|
SMP (symmetric multiprocessing) is the
processing of programs by multiple processors that share a common operating system and memory.
The SNP
file format is used by Microsoft Accessto store Report
Snapshots in a single file which can be viewed and printed by the Microsoft Snapshot Viewer, available as a no-additional-charge download from Microsoft(runs on Windows only)
|
This is when you need to transfer data
it makes it easier.
We use this software
because it makes it easy to upload and is reliable because big companies use
this processer
|
|
|
Lossy Compression
|
Lossless and lossy compression are terms that
describe whether or not, in the compression of a file, all original data can be
recovered when the file is uncompressed
In information
technology, lossy
compression is the class of data encoding methods that uses inexact
approximations (or partial data discarding) to represent the content.
|
This so it is easier to transfer and
save space for other files that need to be downloaded on the same day.
This is a term for
uncopression of files when they have been compressed
|
|
|
.mp3
|
MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3) is a standard
technology and format for compressing a sound sequence into a very small file (about
one-twelfth the size of the original file) while preserving the original
level of sound quality when it is played.
MP3 is the name of the
file extension and also the common name of the type of file for MPEG-1 audio layer 3.
|
This is the same as above but this
is just the softaware/data name for this process of downloading and saving
sound files.
This is the file used for
when sounds are downloaded so we can hear them
|
|
|
AUDIO LIMITATIONS
|
Sound Processor Unit (SPU)
|
A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal computer expansion card that facilitates
economical input and output of audio signals to and from a
computer under control of computer programs.
sound card
Also called a "sound board" or "audio adapter," it
is a plug-in card that records and plays back sound. Supporting both digital
audio and MIDI, sound cards provide an input port for a microphone or other
sound source and output ports to speakers and amplifiers
|
This is for when you want to save
your sound file it will go through here to process and data your file for
back up
and so it is made into better
quality.
All of our computers have
these sound cards so that systems are able to work and that they can process
sound
|
|
Digital Sound Processor (DSP)
|
A Digital Signal
Processor, or DSP, is a specialized microprocessor that has an architecture
which is optimized for the fast operational needs of digital signal
processing.
Digital audio files
contain soundwaves converted into digital form.
|
This is just for if you want to
modify your sound file in case you don’t think it has enough bass and you
want to lower these effects.
This is for when we are
using reaper and we wish to edit sounds
|
|
|
Random Access Memory (RAM)
|
RAM (pronounced ramm) is an acronym for random access
memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any
byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes.
RAM (random access memory) is the place in a
computer where theoperating system, application programs, and data in current
use are kept so that they can be quickly reached by the computer's processor. RAM is much faster to read from and write to than the other
kinds of storage in a computer, the hard disk, floppy disk, and CD-ROM.
|
This is what is inside of the computer
and is used for back up memory.
Ram is in all computers
and is a backup for us if our work is lost or the computer crashes it helps
keep work safe
|
|
|
Mono Audio
|
Mono audio is an Accessibility feature that makes
sure, even if you're hard of hearing or deaf in one ear, you never miss a
word, note, or sound when listening to your iPhone or iPad with a headset on
Mono is the term used to describe sound that is
only from one channel while stereo uses 2 or more channels to provide an
experience much like being in the same room where the sound was created.
http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between-mono-and-stereo/ |
This used to specifically aim the
sound to one ear or if it needs to be balanced out.
This is for when you wish
to use different editing systems in media and you wish to balance out the
sound so the full effect is available to hear
|
|
|
Stereo Audio
|
True
stereophonic sound systems have two independent audio signal channels, and
the signals that are reproduced have a specific level and phase relationship
to each other so that when played back through a suitable reproduction
system, there will be an apparent image of the original sound source. Stereo
would be a requirement if there is a need to replicate the aural perspective
and localization of instruments on a stage or platform, a very common
requirement in performing arts centres.
Listening to a stereo sound allows you to
distinguish which sound is coming from which direction which is very similar
to being in the same room as the sound was created. http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between-mono-and-stereo/
|
This is a audio system that can be
anywhere in cars or at home etc. This like a speaker system that is able to
pick up radio signals.
Stereo is when sound is
played in one direction and is not distorted by mono
If one speaker is on it
can be identified by which one because of stereo.
|
|
|
Surround Sound
|
Surround sound
is a term used to describe a type of audio output in which the sound appears
to "surround the listener" by 360 degrees. Surround sound systems
use three or more channels and speakers in front and behind the listener to
create a surrounding envelope of sound and directional audio sources.
A system of recording
and playing back audio that uses four or more separate channels http://www.thefreedictionary.com/surround+sound
|
Surround sound is when a speaker system is set up to fill
up a room the sound will sound the same at 360 degrees all the round.
We haven’t used any
surround sound but when it is used it can be used in full effect when
watching films and playing games.
|
|
|
Direct Audio (Pulse Code Modulation – PCM)
|
Pulse code modulation (PCM) is a digital
representation of an analog signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the
analog signal at regular intervals
Pulse-code modulation(PCM) is a
method used to digitally represent sampled analog signals.
|
Is when it is aimed for just one ear
this is used for hearing aids.
I don’t not have hearing
aids so I’m not able to understand them as well but when high pitched sounds
are played it can damage their ears
|
|
|
AUDIO RECORDING SYSTEMS
|
Analogue
|
A person or thing seen as comparable to another
something that is
similar to something else in design, origin, use, etc. : something that is
analogous to something else
|
Is used to show how fast a beat or
rythem of sound is going which is called tempo but this is a way to show it.
This is bpm which is
analysed by computer or instrument.
|
|
Digital Mini Disc
|
He MiniDisc (MD) is a magneto-optical disc-based data storage device for 74 minutes
and, later, 80 minutes, of digitized audio or 1 gigabyte of Hi-MD data.
a digital disc medium for storing music or data where a small disc is housed in acartridge and is either recordable or playback
|
This is a storage device that can
hold more data if needed and so it can be saved in a later date.
We haven’t used this and I
haven’t had experienced with needing extra memory
|
|
|
Compact Disc (CD)
|
A Compact Disc (CD) is a type of optical disc.
A compact disc [sometimes spelled disk] (CD) is a small, portable, round medium made of molded polymer (close in size to the floppy disk) for electronically
recording, storing, and playing back audio, video, text, and other
information in digital form. Tape cartridges and CDs
generally replaced the phonograph record for playing back music.
|
This is used to store films audio or
music onto to be able to be played through a disk reader.
CDs there everywhere they
can hold anything from books, music, games to videos.
|
|
|
Digital Audio Tape (DAT)
|
DAT
(Digital Audio Tape) is a standard medium and technology for the digital recording of audio on tape at a professional level of quality.
Digital Audio Tape (DATor R-DAT) is a signal recording
and playback medium developed by Sony and
introduced in 1987. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape
|
This is a tape that is able to
record sounds and is able to transfer sounds from one person to another
without a download.
I haven’t used these
before but iknow that these was invented before the cd for the same reason as
CDs
|
|
|
MIDI
|
MIDI short for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a protocol, digital interface and connectors and allows a wide variety
of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related
devices to connect and communicate with one another.
MIDI files contain a coded representation of the
notes of musical instruments such as middle C on the piano. Taking
considerably less space than digital audio, MIDI files require a wavetable
synt http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Audio+processing+unit
hesizer on the card, which holds digitized samples of the instruments
|
This is a type of plugin that I used
for my media part of my introductory project this when I used the software
Reaper.
I used midi files to edit
my sounds on reaper to make them sound better or more retro to the games
I am creating.
|
|
|
Software Sequencers
|
A music sequencer (or simply sequencer) is a device or application software that can record,
edit, or play back music,
by handling note and performance
information in several forms, typically CV/Gate, MIDI,
or Open Sound Control (OSC), and
possibly audio and automation data for DAWs and plug-ins.
In digital audio recording, a sequencer is a
program in a computer or stand-alone keyboard unit that puts together a sound
sequence from a series (or sequence) of Musical Instrument Digital Interface
( MIDI ) events (operations). http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/sequencer
|
This is Reaper which is what I used
to edit and play the sounds I had created or used for my video game.
Reaper use this, I haven’t
used reaper that much but I am getting to know the basics and what software
it uses
|
|
|
Software Plug-ins
|
In computing, a plug-in (or plugin, add-in, addin, add-on, addon, or extension) is a software component that adds a
specific feature to an existing computer program.
|
This is what was used in reaper to
modify the sounds I used or created.
This is the same as a midi
but you can download different types
of plug-ins to change the effects of the sounds
|
|
|
MIDI Keyboard Instruments
|
A MIDI keyboard is typically a piano-style
user interface keyboard device used for sending MIDI signals or
commands over a USB or MIDI cable to other devices connected and operating on
the same MIDI protocol interface.
|
This is the musical instrument I
used in reaper to help make my sounds to give it a more retro feel for the
game.
This is the midi we used
to create our sounds and it work best because we needed simple sounds for a
retro game.
|
|
|
AUDIO SAMPLING
|
File Size Constraints - Bit-depth
|
In digital audio,
bit depth describes the potential accuracy of a particular piece of hardware
or software that processes audio data.
In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the
number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds
to the resolution of each sample.
|
This is used so it defines the
quality of sound that is being processed.
Bit depth helps you
editing and check the tempo beat and pitch of your sound this helps you edit
the sound.
|
|
File Size Constraints - Sample Rate
|
Sample rate is the number of samples of audio
carried per second, measured in Hz or kHz (one kHz being 1 000 Hz).
In signal
processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous
signal to a discrete signal.
|
These are used to determine the
frequency of of a sound which we used in pitch and play back.
This is when your sound is
created it measures it in these rates so you able to tell you the Hz and kHz
|